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News in Short
Two New Ramsar Sites Added
Context: Recently, India has designated Siliserh Lake in Rajasthan and Kopra Reservoir in Chhattisgarh as Ramsar Sites, increasing the total to 96.
Siliserh Lake (Rajasthan)
This Lake is located in Alwar district, Rajasthan, near the Sariska Tiger Reserve, enhancing its ecological and tourism value.
It is a man-made freshwater lake, constructed in 1845 by Maharaja Vinay Singh of Alwar.
Originally, this lake was built to supply drinking water to Alwar city, with historical aqueducts still visible.
Kopra Jalashay (Chhattisgarh)
It is located near the Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh.
It was declared the first Ramsar site of Chhattisgarh, marking a milestone in the state’s wetland conservation.
A freshwater reservoir situated in the upper catchment of the Mahanadi River.
Ramsar Convention
The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty established in 1971.
Its aim is the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands to preserve biodiversity and maintain ecological balance.
They are also known as wetlands of international importance.
According to the Convention, Wetlands are defined as areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six metres.
World Wetlands Day is celebrated annually on 2nd February since 1997.
Ramsar Sites in India
India acceded to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands on February 1, 1982.
India has the highest number of Ramsar sites in Asia (96, including recent ones) and third highest in the world after the United Kingdom (176), and Mexico (144).
Tamil Nadu has the highest number of Ramsar Sites in India, with 20 designated wetlands, followed by Uttar Pradesh with 10.
These wetlands are protected under various national laws, including the Indian Forest Act (1927), the Forest (Conservation) Act (1980), the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (1972).
Honouring Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar II
Context: Recently, the Vice-President of India released a commemorative postage stamp in honour of Emperor Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar II (Suvaran Maran) in New Delhi.
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The release forms part of the Union government’s broader effort to recognise unsung regional rulers and cultural icons of ancient India.
The decision followed long-standing demands from Tamil Nadu, including a formal request by the State government, and coincided with the observance of his 1,350th birth anniversary.
The release of the stamp was part of the Centre’s ongoing process of recognising and honouring Tamil kings and leaders.
Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar II (Suvaran Maran)
Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar II ruled between around 705 AD and 745 AD and belonged to the Mutharaiyar dynasty, which functioned as a powerful feudatory of the Pallava Empire.
He governed large parts of present-day central Tamil Nadu, including regions around Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Pudukkottai, and the Cauvery basin.
He was a close military ally of Pallava ruler Nandivarman and earned prominence as Pallava authority weakened, emerging as an independent and respected ruler.
His reign is remembered for strong administration, territorial stability, and military capability, leading to his epithet Shatrubhayankar.
The Mutharaiyars were prominent temple builders and played a key role in the revival of Hindu religious traditions during a period marked by Jain and Buddhist influence.
Chief Information Commissioner
Context: Recently, Raj Kumar Goyal was sworn in as the 13th Chief Information Commissioner of the Central Information Commission after taking the oath of office administered by the President of India.
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He assumed office with effect from December 15 after succeeding the outgoing Chief Information Commissioner, Heeralal Samariya.
Raj Kumar Goyal is a retired IAS officer of the 1990 batch.
He retired as Secretary in the Department of Justice under the Ministry of Law and Justice.
He has also served as Secretary Border Management in the Ministry of Home Affairs.
His appointment was made by the President on the recommendation of the selection committee under Section 12 of the RTI Act 2005.
About the Central Information Commission (CIC)
It was established by the Central Government in 2005. Under the Right to Information Act (2005), thus it is not a constitutional body.
Composition: It consists of a Chief Information Commissioner (CICs) and not more than ten information commissioners (ICs).
Appointment: The Chief Information Commissioner and its information Commissioner are appointed by the President on the recommendation of a committee consisting of the Prime Minister as Chairperson, the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha and a Union Cabinet Minister nominated by the Prime Minister.
CICs and ICs shall hold office for a period of three years.
The jurisdiction of the Commission extends over all Central Public Authorities.
Asian Youth Para Games 2025
Context: India delivered its most successful performance at the 2025 Asian Youth Para Games.
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It was the fifth edition of the Asian Youth Para Games featured around 1,500 athletes from 35 countries.
India finished with a record 56 medals, including 19 gold, 15 silver and 22 bronze at seventh place on the Table.
This Dubai edition marked a first for the Asian Youth Para Games, with AI-powered robots integrated into Games operations.
The event saw competitions across 11 disciplines, including Archery, athletics, badminton, boccia, goalball, powerlifting, swimming, taekwondo, table tennis, wheelchair basketball and arm wrestling.
The mascot for the Dubai 2025 Asian Youth Para Games is Foxy, an Emirati Desert Fox (Vulpes rueppellii).
The first edition of the Games were held in Hong Kong in 2005.
Asia Power Index 2025
Context: Recently, the seventh edition of the Asia Power Index 2025 was published by the Australia-based think tank, Lowy Institute.
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The index spans beyond Asia, reaching north to Russia and across the Pacific to Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.
India ranked 3rd in 2025, surpassing Japan last year, with a comprehensive power score of over 40 points, indicating it is a “major power”.
India’s economic and military strength has increased, along with modest gains in its cultural influence and geopolitical standing.
India ranks third for economic capability (+1.0) and future resources (-0.9).
Its economic capability rank increased by one place to third, overtaking Japan.
Increased inward investment lifted India to ninth place for economic relationships (+2.2), marking the first rise in this measure in the Asia Power Index.
India’s weakest measure is defence networks (-2.6), where it ranks 11th.
Its defence networks score declined since the previous edition, dropping two ranks after being overtaken by the Philippines and Thailand.
Asia Power Index
It was launched by the Lowy Institute in 2018, measures resources and influence to rank the relative power of states in Asia.
The Index ranks 27 countries and territories in terms of their capacity to shape their external environment.
Dynamic features — including an interactive map, weightings calculator, network analysis, country comparisons, and drill-down explorations of each indicator across multiple years.
11th United Nations Alliance of Civilisations (UNAOC)
Context: Recently, the 11th Global Forum of the United Nations Alliance of Civilisations (UNAOC) was held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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The event was held under the overarching theme, “UNAOC: Two Decades of Dialogue for Humanity — Advancing a New Era of Mutual Respect and Understanding in a Multipolar World”.
As UNAOC entered its third decade, the Forum served as an opportune occasion to commemorate its 20th anniversary and to chart its future course in the pursuit of lasting peace.
India reaffirmed its civilizational principles of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (The world as one family) and Sarva Dharma Samabhav (equal respect for all religions) in the event.
About UNAOC
It was established in 2005, as the political initiative of Mr. Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary-General and co-sponsored by the Governments of Spain and Türkiye.
A High-Level Group of experts was formed to explore the roots of polarisation between societies and cultures today, and to recommend a practical programme of action to address this issue.
The 2006 High-Level Group report identified five priority areas: Education, Youth, Migration, Media, and Women as peace mediators.
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